{"id":148,"date":"2005-01-14T02:40:18","date_gmt":"2005-01-14T02:40:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/elli.annall.is\/2005-01-14\/02.40.18"},"modified":"2005-01-14T02:40:18","modified_gmt":"2005-01-14T02:40:18","slug":"024018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/2005\/01\/14\/024018\/","title":{"rendered":"Gl\u00edman vi\u00f0 vi\u00f0skiptasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9g t\u00f3k \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 til or\u00f0a \u00ed m\u00e1li m\u00ednu um r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu Gl\u00edmunnar og fleiri um vi\u00f0skiptasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i. \u00c9g gaf m\u00e9r t\u00edma \u00ed g\u00e6rkv\u00f6ldi til a\u00f0 lesa innlegg Halld\u00f3rs Reynissonar<\/a> og Gylfa Magn\u00fassonar<\/a>. \u00deri\u00f0ja innleggi\u00f0 eftir \u00der\u00f6st \u00d3laf Sigurj\u00f3nsson er hins vegar ekki \u00feess vir\u00f0i a\u00f0 v\u00edsa\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 ann\u00e1lnum m\u00ednum.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00deegar \u00e9g les innlegginn \u00fe\u00e1 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkennast a\u00f0 \u00feau eru miki\u00f0 mun betri en frams\u00f6gurnar \u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0stefnunni. Hvort s\u00ed\u00f0an pallbor\u00f0i\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur betra vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 komast \u00e1 neti\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur hins vegar t\u00edminn a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a \u00ed lj\u00f3s.<\/p>\n

B\u00e6\u00f0i Halld\u00f3r og Gylfi fara \u00fe\u00e1 lei\u00f0 a\u00f0 fjalla \u00e1 j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0an h\u00e1tt um \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fer\u00f3un sem or\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur, Halld\u00f3r leggur reyndar \u00e1herslu \u00e1 mikilv\u00e6gi eftirlitsstofnanna en me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed foror\u00f0i a\u00f0 betra v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6kin finndu hj\u00e1 sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r a\u00f0 leggja s\u00e9r l\u00edfsreglur:<\/p>\n

\n

Samt held \u00e9g a\u00f0 hin eina r\u00e9tta si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilega afsta\u00f0a \u00feeirra sem \u00ed fyrirt\u00e6kjarekstri standa s\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00e9g vil nefna si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegur sj\u00e1lfsagi. A\u00f0 setja fram me\u00f0 j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um h\u00e6tti \u00feau si\u00f0fer\u00f0isgildi og si\u00f0areglur sem hluthafar vilja a\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6ki s\u00edn standi fyrir, sitt „Credo“ \u00ed si\u00f0fer\u00f0isefnum, eins og sum fyrirt\u00e6ki hafa reyndar gert. \u00dea\u00f0 hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 vera betra si\u00f0fer\u00f0i a\u00f0 leita sj\u00e1lfur hins g\u00f3\u00f0a en vera ekki tilneyddur til \u00feess af var\u00f0hundi sem passar a\u00f0 ma\u00f0ur fremji ekki f\u00f3lskuverk.Samt held \u00e9g a\u00f0 hin eina r\u00e9tta si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilega afsta\u00f0a \u00feeirra sem \u00ed fyrirt\u00e6kjarekstri standa s\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00e9g vil nefna si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegur sj\u00e1lfsagi. A\u00f0 setja fram me\u00f0 j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0um h\u00e6tti \u00feau si\u00f0fer\u00f0isgildi og si\u00f0areglur sem hluthafar vilja a\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6ki s\u00edn standi fyrir, sitt „Credo“ \u00ed si\u00f0fer\u00f0isefnum, eins og sum fyrirt\u00e6ki hafa reyndar gert. \u00dea\u00f0 hl\u00fdtur a\u00f0 vera betra si\u00f0fer\u00f0i a\u00f0 leita sj\u00e1lfur hins g\u00f3\u00f0a en vera ekki tilneyddur til \u00feess af var\u00f0hundi sem passar a\u00f0 ma\u00f0ur fremji ekki f\u00f3lskuverk.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u00deessar hugmyndir um sj\u00e1lfseftirlit hafa veri\u00f0 \u00e1berandi \u00ed m\u00e1lflutningi h\u00e6gri manna um langt skei\u00f0. H\u00e9r hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 spennandi fyrir gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ing\/si\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ing a\u00f0 velta upp spurningum um raunverulega getu fyrirt\u00e6kja til a\u00f0 heg\u00f0a s\u00e9r m\u00f3ralskt. Spurningum sem er velt upp og svara\u00f0 neikv\u00e6tt \u00ed heimildarmyndinni Corporations.<\/em><\/p>\n

Me\u00f0an Gylfi leggur \u00e1herslu \u00e1 einhli\u00f0a j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00fer\u00f3un, v\u00edsar til erlendra ranns\u00f3kna og veltir upp hvort \u00fe\u00e1tttaka \u00ed stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laflokkum s\u00e9 e.t.v. einn helsti dragb\u00edtur \u00e1 gott si\u00f0fer\u00f0i \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum, \u00fe\u00e1 bendir Halld\u00f3r \u00e1 fleiri varnagla:<\/p>\n

\n

Svo vir\u00f0ist sem \u00feessi umm\u00e6li [P\u00e1ls P\u00e1lssonar forstj\u00f3ra Fj\u00e1rm\u00e1laeftirlitsins] s\u00fdni a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 markmi\u00f0 a\u00f0 skapa h\u00e9r gagns\u00e6jan hlutafj\u00e1rmarka\u00f0 me\u00f0 a\u00f0ild almennings hafi a\u00f0 einhverju leyti mistekist og \u00ed sta\u00f0inn hafi or\u00f0i\u00f0 h\u00e9r til tilt\u00f6lulega f\u00e1mennar eignablokkir sem leitist vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fela sl\u00f3\u00f0 s\u00edna.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Eins varpar Halld\u00f3r fram gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 litla f\u00e9lagslega \u00e1byrg\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6kja sem reyndar m\u00e1 velta fyrir s\u00e9r hvort eigi vi\u00f0 r\u00f6k a\u00f0 sty\u00f0jast, enda hefur \u00fe\u00e1tttaka fyrirt\u00e6kja \u00ed \u00fdmsum samf\u00e9lagslegum verkefnum aukist mj\u00f6g undanfarin \u00e1r, \u00fe\u00f3 eflaust megi gera betur.<\/p>\n

\u00cd m\u00e1li Gylfa er megin\u00e1hersla l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 mikilv\u00e6gi trausts \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum milli manna, hann kemst a\u00f0 \u00feeirri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 trausti\u00f0 s\u00e9 grundv\u00f6llur g\u00f3\u00f0ra vi\u00f0skipta og hlutverk samf\u00e9lagsins s\u00e9 a\u00f0 mynda umgj\u00f6r\u00f0 \u00fear sem r\u00edkir traust milli vi\u00f0skiptaa\u00f0ila. F\u00e9lagsau\u00f0ur samf\u00e9lagsins felist e.t.v. hva\u00f0 helst \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fear s\u00e9u stofnanir sem tryggi hei\u00f0arleika \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum og auki \u00feannig traust milli manna. H\u00e9r sakna \u00e9g \u00feess a\u00f0 r\u00e6tt s\u00e9 um \u00feri\u00f0ja a\u00f0ilann \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptunum. \u00deann sem vi\u00f0skiptin hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1, \u00fe\u00f3 hann eigi ekki \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed \u00feeim. H\u00e9r hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1hugavert a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a um hvort traust \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum \u00feurfi a\u00f0 n\u00e1 v\u00ed\u00f0ar en til \u00feeirra sem handsala “bisnessinn”.<\/p>\n

A\u00f0rir \u00e1hugaver\u00f0ir fletir \u00e1 umr\u00e6\u00f0u um vi\u00f0skiptasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i sem ekki voru r\u00e6ddir hef\u00f0u geta\u00f0 legi\u00f0 \u00ed heimildum r\u00e1\u00f0andi eigenda \u00ed fyrirt\u00e6kjum til a\u00f0 styrkja g\u00f3\u00f0verk\/g\u00e6luverkefni me\u00f0 peningum fyrirt\u00e6kisins. S\u00e9r \u00ed lagi er \u00feessi spurning spennandi ef \u00f6\u00f0rum eigendum er erfitt um vik a\u00f0 losa sig \u00fat \u00far fyrirt\u00e6kinu vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0andi atferli r\u00e1\u00f0andi eigenda hefur gjaldfellt fyrirt\u00e6ki\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1hugavert a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a um vandann sem felst \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hagsmunir stj\u00f3rnenda fyrirt\u00e6kja annars vegar og eigenda hins vegar fara sjaldan saman hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar t\u00edma-\u00e1s. \u00deetta er s\u00e9r \u00ed lagi spennandi \u00ed lj\u00f3si or\u00f0a Halld\u00f3rs um a\u00f0 ef hugsa\u00f0 er til skamms t\u00edma borgi sig e.t.v. ekki a\u00f0 vera hei\u00f0arlegur, en \u00fea\u00f0 borgi sig l\u00edklega til langs t\u00edma. \u00deegar um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00e1rangurstengda b\u00f3nusa hj\u00e1 stj\u00f3rnendum er viss hvati hj\u00e1 \u00feeim a\u00f0 hugsa fyrst og fremst til skammt\u00edmahagna\u00f0ar (5-7 \u00e1ra), me\u00f0an a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rfestar hugsa oftast n\u00e6r til lengri t\u00edma. Myndast e.t.v. gap hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar hugmyndir stj\u00f3rnenda og eigenda um hvernig e\u00f0lilegt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 fyrirt\u00e6ki heg\u00f0i s\u00e9r?<\/p>\n

\u00cd b\u00f3k sinni Moral Man and Immoral Society<\/em> veltir Reinhold Niebuhr upp \u00feeirri hugmynd a\u00f0 n\u00e1\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00f3noth\u00e6ft hugtak til a\u00f0 nota um atferli samf\u00e9laga, einungis s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00f3ska eftir r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti. Enginn stj\u00f3rnandi samf\u00e9lags hafi heimild til a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a fram n\u00e1\u00f0 \u00ed nafni annarra. Ef vi\u00f0 t\u00f6kum \u00feessa hugmynd \u00e1fram \u00ed umfj\u00f6llun um fyrirt\u00e6ki \u00fe\u00e1 vir\u00f0ist vera lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 n\u00e1\u00f0in \u00e1 alls ekki vi\u00f0, r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist \u00ed andst\u00f6\u00f0u vi\u00f0 kr\u00f6funa um optimum ar\u00f0semi, alla vega s\u00fa hugmynd sem \u00e9g hef um r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti, svo eftir stendur spurningin um hva\u00f0a si\u00f0fer\u00f0islegu hugt\u00f6k\/m\u00e6likvar\u00f0a m\u00e1 kalla eftir hj\u00e1 fyrirt\u00e6kjum. \u00dea\u00f0 er eiginlega s\u00fa spurning sem \u00e9g hef\u00f0i vilja\u00f0 sj\u00e1 kappana \u00e1 Grand H\u00f3tel gl\u00edma vi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Spurningar um vi\u00f0skiptasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i eru margar og spennandi. \u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur er oft au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 tala um breytingar og \u00fer\u00f3un \u00e1 li\u00f0num \u00e1rum, en a\u00f0 gl\u00edma vi\u00f0 raunverulegar g\u00e1tur. Vonandi a\u00f0 gl\u00edman vi\u00f0 g\u00e1turnar komi \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar \u00fer\u00f3unarumr\u00e6\u00f0unnar.<\/p>\n

(H\u00e9r er leitast \u00e9g vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 varpa fram \u00fe\u00f6nkum m\u00ednum \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu\/m\u00e1l\u00feings um vi\u00f0skiptasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i. \u00c9g \u00e1skil m\u00e9r r\u00e9tt til a\u00f0 ey\u00f0a \u00f6llum umm\u00e6lum sem \u00e9g tel a\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 halda \u00fe\u00f6nkum m\u00ednum \u00e1fram, breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 \u00feeim e\u00f0a gagnr\u00fdna innihald \u00feeirra.)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c9g t\u00f3k \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 til or\u00f0a \u00ed m\u00e1li m\u00ednu um r\u00e1\u00f0stefnu Gl\u00edmunnar og fleiri um vi\u00f0skiptasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i. \u00c9g gaf m\u00e9r t\u00edma \u00ed g\u00e6rkv\u00f6ldi til a\u00f0 lesa innlegg Halld\u00f3rs Reynissonar og Gylfa Magn\u00fassonar. \u00deri\u00f0ja innleggi\u00f0 eftir \u00der\u00f6st \u00d3laf Sigurj\u00f3nsson er hins vegar ekki \u00feess vir\u00f0i a\u00f0 v\u00edsa\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 ann\u00e1lnum m\u00ednum.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[21],"class_list":["post-148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-islenska","tag-business"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/148\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ispeculate.net\/writings\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}